Mandibular metastasis of follicular thyroid carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: The orofacial region may be the first site for the dissemination of malignancies from the remote regions in the jawbones. The most common location of metastatic lesions in the jawbones is the mandible, with the molar region the most frequently involved site. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection can be an approach in the treatment protocol depending upon patient age and growth of tumor mass. This case report presents a case of follicular variant thyroid carcinoma, infiltrative type, pT1bN0Mx with mandibular metastasis affecting both hard and soft tissue in a 55-year-old female.

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1.

Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome (APS) Type 1 is a rare hereditary disorder that damages organs in the body. This disease entity is the result of a mutation in the AIRE gene. It is characterized by three classic clinical features - hypoparathyroidism, Addison's disease, and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. For a patient to be diagnosed as having APS Type 1 syndrome at least two of these features needs to be present. The third entity may develop as the disease progresses. We report a case of a 35-year-old female patient with a history of seizure from the age of 11 years, who was managed with anticonvulsant drugs. With worsening of the seizure episodes, patient was diagnosed to have hypoparathyroidism together with the manifestations of oral candidiasis, nails dystrophy, enamel hypoplasia, and hypogonadism. A diagnosis of APS-1 was considered. The facility for genetic analysis of the AIRE gene mutation was not accessible, as the test costs were prohibitive and not affordable for the patient. Patient management was directed to treating individual disease components. However, cerebral and dental changes were irreversible.

Regional odontodysplasia: report of a case.

Regional odontodysplasia is an unusual nonhereditary dental anomaly of uncertain origin. It presents clinically as delayed or failed eruption, abscess formation, early exfoliation, and malformed teeth and radiographically as defective enamel and dentin formation, giving the teeth a fuzzy silhouette. Because teeth are essential for psychological and functional development of the child, appreciation and management of regional odontodysplasia is important for comprehensive dental care. The purpose of this paper was to present the case of a 12-year-old female who presented with an eruption disturbance affecting a single segment of her jaw and characteristic ghost teeth radiographic appearance. The approach toward management should be aimed at preserving the unerupted affected teeth for the development of the alveolar ridge, conserving the erupted teeth (if salvageable) or extraction followed by prosthetic rehabilitation.